阅读引导本文单词数：505 预计阅读时间：7分钟导读：中国有句话叫：江山易改，本性难移我们可能以为，人的个性是与生俱来的，比如天生内向或外向但是科学家经过多年的研究发现，随着时间流逝，人的个性会发生改变，短期内察觉不到，但长期来看很明显。
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揭秘：人的个性会随着年龄增长而改变吗？Does your personality change as you get older?正文开始Between adolescence and adulthood, you go through a host of changes — jobs, regrettable haircuts and relationships that come and go. But what about who you are at your core? As you grow older, does your personality change?
从青少年到成年，你经历了许多改变——换工作、失败的发型和恋情变迁但是你本质上是一个什么样的人呢？随着年龄增长，你的个性会改变吗？Personality is the pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviors unique to a person. People tend to think of personality as fixed. But according to psychologists, thats not how it works. "Personality is a developmental phenomenon. Its not just a static thing that youre stuck with and cant get over," said Brent Roberts, a psychologist at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.。
个性是一个人特有的思维、感觉和行为模式人们往往认为个性是固定不变的但是心理学家表示并非如此伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-尚佩恩分校的心理学家布伦特·罗伯茨说：“个性是一个发展的现象它不是一个一成不变、摆脱不了的静态事物。
”Thats not to say that youre a different person each day you wake up. In the short term, change can be nearly imperceptible, Roberts told Live Science. Longitudinal studies, in which researchers survey the personalities of participants regularly over many years, suggest that our personality is actually stable on shorter time scales.
这不是说你每天早上醒来都是一个不同的人罗伯茨告诉生命科学网站说，短期来看，改变几乎是察觉不到的在延续多年的纵向研究中，研究人员对参与者的个性进行了定期调查结果显示，实际上我们的个性在较短时间尺度内是稳定的。
In one study, published in 2000 in the journal Psychological Bulletin, researchers analyzed the results of 152 longitudinal studies on personality, which followed participants ranging in age from childhood to their early 70s. Each of these studies measured trends in the Big Five personality traits. This cluster of traits, which include extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and neuroticism, are a mainstay of personality research. The researchers found that individuals levels of each personality trait, relative to other participants, tended to stay consistent within each decade of life.
在一项2000年发表在《心理学公报》期刊上的研究中，研究人员分析了152项对个性的纵向研究，这些研究跟踪调查了从幼年到70岁出头各个年龄段的参与者每项研究都测评了“大五人格”的倾向“大五人格”包括外向性、亲和性、责任心、经验开放性和情绪稳定性，这些人格特质是个性研究的重要基础。
研究人员发现，相对来说参与者的“大五人格”水平在每个十年内通常都是稳定的That pattern of consistency begins around age 3, and perhaps even earlier, said Brent Donnellan, professor and chair of psychology at Michigan State University. When psychologists study children, they dont measure personality traits in the same way they do for adults. Instead, they look at temperament — the intensity of a persons reactions to the world. We come into the world with unique temperaments, and research suggests that our temperaments as children — for example, whether were easy going or prone to temper tantrums, eager or more reluctant to approach strangers — correspond to adult personality traits.
密歇根州立大学的心理学系主任布伦特·唐纳伦教授称，这种稳定模式大约在三岁开始形成，甚至可能更早心理学家对儿童进行研究时，他们不会像对待成人一样测评人格，而是会观察性情，也就是一个人对世界作出反应的强烈程度。
我们天生就有各自的性情，研究表明，我们儿时的性情和成人后的个性特质有关，比如我们是否随和或容易发脾气，愿不愿意接触陌生人Earlier temperament seems to affect later life experience. For example, one 1995 study published in the journal
Child Development followed children from the age of 3 until the age of 18. The researchers found, for instance, that children who were shyer and more withdrawn tended to grow into unhappier teenagers.
早年的性情似乎会对以后的生活经历造成影响举例而言，1995年发表在《儿童发育》期刊上的一项研究对儿童进行了跟踪调查，从3岁跟踪到18岁研究人员发现，比较害羞和内向的孩子通常会长成不太快乐的青少年But those decades add up. Throughout all those years, our personality is still changing, but slowly, Roberts said. "Its something thats subtle," he added. You dont notice it on that five-to-ten-year time scale, but in the long term, it becomes pronounced. In 1960, psychologists surveyed over 440,000 high school students. The students answered questions about everything from how they reacted to emotional situations to how efficiently they got work done. Fifty years later, researchers tracked down 1,952 of these former students and gave them the same survey. The results, published in 2018 in the
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, found that in their 60s, participants scored much higher than they had as teenagers on questions measuring calmness, self-confidence, leadership and social sensitivity.（source：China Daily）
但是一个又一个十年会对个性产生影响罗伯茨称，我们的个性在这些年间仍然会改变，不过是缓慢地改变他补充道：“这是微妙的变化”五年到十年内你注意不到，但是长期来看，就很明显1960年，心理学家对逾44万名高中生进行了调查。
这些学生回答了各种问题，从对情绪状况的反应到完成工作的效率五十年后，研究人员跟踪调查了1952名当年的这些学生，并对他们进行了同样的调查这项2018年发表在《个性与社会心理学期刊》的研究结果发现，这些年逾六十的参与者在衡量冷静、自信、领导力和社会敏感度的问卷得分比他们青少年时得分高得多。
（来源：中国日报）知米课堂：1. be stuck with 摆脱不掉，甩不掉……Its not just a static thing that youre stuck with and cant get over.
例句：I was stuck with him for the whole journey. 一路上我一直没能摆脱他2. reluctant to do sth. 不情愿、勉强做某事We come into the world with unique temperaments, and research suggests that our temperaments as children — for example, whether were easy going or prone to temper tantrums, eager or more reluctant to approach strangers — correspond to adult personality traits.。
例句：She was reluctant to admit she was wrong. 她不愿承认自己有错3. track down (经过长时间艰难搜索后) 找到Fifty years later, researchers tracked down 1,952 of these former students and gave them the same survey.。
She had spent years trying to track down her parents. 她已经花了多年试图找到她的父母趣味拓展：为什么我们的个性会改变这么多？证据显示，我们的个性改变不是因为人生大事，比如结婚、孩子出生或失去所爱之人。
唐纳伦称，一些心理学家指出实际上这些大事会强化你的个性，因为你会将自己的个性带入到那个特别的情境中罗伯茨指出，在我们适应大学、职场和成家时，外界对我们期望值的改变在慢慢地打磨我们，就像一双鞋一样他说：“随着时间过去，人生中的许多情境都会要求你用和以前不一样的方式去做事。
没有用户手册来指导你如何行动，但是有非常清晰的不成文规范告诉你在这些情况下应该如何表现”于是我们就改变自己去适应今天的外刊自习就结束了，我们下期见~想要学习本文的英语拓展知识，关注【知米阅读】微信公众号。
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